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v1.0.0
ICD-10 Guide
ICD-10 CodesZ28.02

Z28.02

Immunization not carried out because of chronic illness or condition of patient

BILLABLE STATUSYes
IMPLEMENTATION DATEOctober 1, 2015
LAST UPDATED09/12/2025

Code Description

ICD-10 Z28.02 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of immunization not carried out because of chronic illness or condition of patient.

Key Diagnostic Point:

Z28.02 is used when a patient is unable to receive immunizations due to a chronic illness or medical condition that contraindicates vaccination. This code highlights the importance of understanding the patient's overall health status, including chronic diseases such as diabetes, autoimmune disorders, or severe allergies that may affect their ability to tolerate vaccines. Social determinants of health, such as access to healthcare, socioeconomic status, and education, also play a crucial role in vaccination rates. Preventive care is essential in managing chronic conditions, and healthcare providers must assess the risks and benefits of immunization for these patients. Screening for chronic illnesses and ongoing aftercare are vital components of patient management, ensuring that patients receive appropriate care while considering their unique health challenges.

Code Complexity Analysis

Complexity Rating: Medium

Medium Complexity

Complexity Factors

  • Need for detailed documentation of chronic conditions
  • Assessment of contraindications for immunization
  • Understanding of social determinants affecting health
  • Coordination of care among multiple healthcare providers

Audit Risk Factors

  • Inadequate documentation of the chronic condition
  • Failure to specify the reason for immunization deferral
  • Lack of follow-up on immunization status
  • Misinterpretation of the patient's health status

Specialty Focus

Medical Specialties

Primary Care

Documentation Requirements

Document the patient's chronic condition, rationale for immunization deferral, and any discussions regarding vaccination options.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Routine checkups where immunizations are discussed, management of chronic illnesses, and aftercare follow-ups.

Billing Considerations

Consider the impact of social determinants such as access to care, education about vaccines, and patient preferences.

Public Health

Documentation Requirements

Collect data on immunization rates among patients with chronic conditions for epidemiological studies.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Community health assessments, vaccination campaigns targeting at-risk populations, and public health surveillance.

Billing Considerations

Focus on population health strategies to improve vaccination rates among those with chronic illnesses.

Coding Guidelines

Inclusion Criteria

Use Z28.02 When
  • Z codes are used to indicate reasons for encounters that are not primarily related to a disease or injury
  • 02 should be sequenced after the primary diagnosis and should be used when the chronic condition is documented as the reason for not receiving immunization
  • Payer requirements may vary, so it is essential to check specific guidelines

Exclusion Criteria

Do NOT use Z28.02 When
No specific exclusions found.

Related CPT Codes

90460CPT Code

Immunization administration (e.g., vaccines)

Clinical Scenario

Used when documenting immunization administration, but may be linked to Z28.02 if the immunization is not carried out.

Documentation Requirements

Document the reason for not administering the vaccine, including chronic conditions.

Specialty Considerations

Primary care providers must ensure thorough documentation of the patient's health status.

ICD-10 Impact

Diagnostic & Documentation Impact

Enhanced Specificity

ICD-10 Improvements

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for greater specificity in coding, enabling coders to capture the nuances of why immunizations are not administered, particularly in patients with chronic conditions.

ICD-9 vs ICD-10

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for greater specificity in coding, enabling coders to capture the nuances of why immunizations are not administered, particularly in patients with chronic conditions.

Reimbursement & Billing Impact

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for greater specificity in coding, enabling coders to capture the nuances of why immunizations are not administered, particularly in patients with chronic conditions.

Resources

Clinical References

  • •
    CDC Immunization Guidelines

Coding & Billing References

  • •
    CDC Immunization Guidelines

Frequently Asked Questions

What documentation is required to support the use of Z28.02?

Documentation must include a clear statement of the chronic condition, the reason for not administering the vaccine, and any discussions with the patient regarding vaccination options.